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Glossary


Glossary of Terms

Benchmarks: Pre-determined measures of success or achievement with respect to a particular outcome indicator. For example, a benchmark of a government program to alleviate poverty might be to reduce the percentage of those families earning below the poverty line to under 10%. The success or failure of the program should be measured in terms of this standard.

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Community Relations: An institution's planned, active, and continuous participation with and within a community to maintain and enhance its environment to the benefit of both institution and the community.

Governance: The act or manner of conducting the policy and affairs of an organization; the control or influence of people; constituting a rule, standard or principle.

Human-interest: One type of feature about real life drama.

Indicators: An observation or measurement that is assumed to be evidence of the attributes or properties of some phenomenon. Indicators involve moving from the abstract conceptual level to the concrete and observable. We observe the indicators of a variable, not the abstract variable itself. [e.g., We have indicators for poverty (such as income level), but we cannot actually observe poverty.] There may be more than one indicator of a variable. Indicators may be quantifiable (a number or percentage) or qualitative (such as a canary in a coal mine).

Leadership: The act of motivating or commanding a group or organization; showing the way to a destination be preceding or accompanying them.

Manager: A person who is in charge of an organization or group of staff; a person who administers and regulates the activities, and training of a group.

Non-Profit Vs. Not-for-Profit: There is no consistent distinction between these two terms. Non-profit is used more often but Not-for-profit seems to imply a wider umbrella of organizations. Non-profit infers that an organization cannot make a profit and must have a zero balance at the end of the fiscal year. In reality both Non-profits and Not-for profits make profits. However an organization may be limited on how those funds are used.

Outcomes: The positive or negative changes that occur in conditions, people and policies as a result of an organization's or program's inputs, activities and outputs. Outcomes answer questions such as "What is different? To what extent were the organization's goals achieved? What are the unintended results of the program? Outcomes measure the effect of a program or an organization's activities on immediate customers, individuals & groups indirectly affected, and the wider community. Outcomes can be looked at in terms of short, medium and long-term.

Outcome Indicators: These measure important aspects of the defined outcomes one is trying to achieve. They should be relevant to mission or objectives, understandable and useful to the audience using them, reasonable cost and feasibility in their collection.

Target Audience: The individual, organization, company, or population type you are addressing in your communication or to whom you are targeting your event.

Voluntarily: At will; of one's own accord; on one's own responsibility; by choice; purposely; intentionally; with personal volition.

Voluntarism: The principle of relying on voluntary action.

Volunteer: Aperson who freely offers to do something; a person who works for an organizations without being paid.

Volunteerism: The involvement of volunteer labour, especially in community services.

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Glossary of Media Terms

Advisory: A notice to alert the media of an event.

Backgrounder: A briefing for reporters on complex issues or on organization. It can be a written backgrounder attached to a news release.

Deadline: The time by which a reporter must have completed a story to get it broadcast or published.

Event: What you wish you covered — news conference, speech, photo opportunity, etc.

Feature: An interesting story, yet not highly news-worthy or topical.

Hook: The item of information that attracts the attention of the new personnel as a potential news angle.

News Conference: An event where people make themselves available in a formal manner to reporters who wish to question them.

News Release: A brief written statement prepared following the format of the news release.

Op-Ed Piece: An opinion piece written by anyone with a particular point of view, Opposite the Editorial page.

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The following descriptive words may be helpful when writing policy, procedure, articles, stories, proposals, etc.

POSITIVE ACTION (Verbs):
Influence, Lead, Evolve, Take charge, Manage, Commit Motivate, Guide, Direct, Create, Engage, Listen, Promote, Inspire, Master, Assert, Involve, Dedicate, Act

POSITIVE DESCRIPTION (Adjectives):
Awesome, Timely, Quality, Effective, Value-added, Gracious, Animated, Passionate

POSITIVE NOUNS:
Passion, Materials, Logic, Emotion, Belief, Medium / Media, Trust, Source, Resource, Reason, Value, Tool, Knowledge, Communication, Conscience, Respect

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